The study looked at how birth weight affects the survival of newborn babies in Central Ethiopia. They followed 1,080 babies and found that those with low birth weight were more likely to die in the first month of life. Other factors that increased the risk of neonatal death included a history of previous neonatal deaths in the family, pregnancy complications, being female, and having a low APGAR score at birth. The study suggests that improving maternal nutrition to ensure normal birth weight could help reduce neonatal mortality in the region.