The study looked at how training healthcare workers in Botswana on childhood illness management affects their knowledge levels. They surveyed 964 healthcare workers in all 27 districts of Botswana. The results showed that there was no significant difference in knowledge levels between healthcare workers who received the training and those who did not. This suggests that the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) training did not have a clear impact on the knowledge levels of healthcare workers in Botswana.